How to Deal with Headaches Caused by Coughing

Experiencing head pain when you cough can be alarming, especially when it’s severe or happens often. You may feel a sharp pain, pressure, or throbbing in your head during or right after a cough. This condition is known as a cough headache and is typically harmless. However, it’s essential to understand what causes this discomfort and how you can manage it.

See the possible reasons why your head hurts when you cough and offer tips on how to relieve head pressure from coughing.

Why Does Your Head Hurt When You Cough?

Cough headaches are divided into two categories: primary and secondary. Primary cough headaches are usually harmless and temporary, while secondary cough headaches may indicate an underlying condition that needs medical attention.

1. Primary Cough Headache

Primary cough headaches occur directly because of coughing or similar actions like sneezing, laughing, or bending over. The tension induced by these actions increases pressure in your brain, resulting in pain. A 2013 review found that primary cough headaches are most common in men and people over 40.

Common characteristics of a primary cough headache include:

• • Sudden onset during or after coughing
  • Sharp, stabbing pain, which can range from a few seconds to many minutes
  • Pain is typically felt in the back of the head, but it can also occur in the front.

These headaches are usually not a sign of something serious.

2. Secondary Cough Headache

Secondary cough headaches are less common but more concerning. They are usually linked to an underlying health condition that increases pressure in your skull or affects blood flow.

Conditions that can cause secondary cough headaches include:

• Chiari malformation is a structural condition that occurs when brain tissue spreads into the spinal canal.
• Brain aneurysm, a bulging blood artery in the brain.
• Brain tumors or lesions
• Leakage of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)

If when you cough and your head hurts persistently or it’s accompanied by other symptoms like dizziness, vision changes, or balance problems, consult a healthcare professional.

What Causes Head Pain When You Cough?

For primary cough headaches, the exact cause isn’t completely clear. Most doctors believe these headaches happen because coughing increases pressure in your chest and abdomen, which then raises pressure inside your skull. This pressure is what likely triggers the headache.

If the back of your head hurts when you cough, it’s likely due to pressure building up in your head. This is common with primary cough headaches. This can also be caused by occipital neuralgia, which affects the back of the head.

If the front of your head hurts when you cough, it’s likely due to sinus issues. Sinus infections or allergies can cause congestion and pressure, leading to forehead pain. Symptoms like a stuffy nose, facial pressure, or a runny nose may mean treating your sinuses will help ease the headache.

On the other hand, secondary cough headaches have more serious underlying causes. These can include:

Structural Issues

Headaches can be caused by issues with the form of the skull or the cerebellum (the region of the brain responsible for balance). One example is Chiari malformation, in which a portion of the brain presses into the spinal canal.

Vascular Problems

Weakened blood vessels in the brain, such as cerebral aneurysms, can lead to these headaches.

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Leaks

CSF protects and cushions the brain and spinal cord. Leaks or obstructions can result in pressure imbalances, which can cause headaches.

Brain Tumors

Although rare, brain tumors can sometimes be the cause of secondary cough headaches.

If you experience severe or persistent headaches when coughing, it’s essential to consult a doctor to rule out serious conditions.

Other Symptoms to Watch For

In some cases, a cough and headache may be accompanied by other symptoms that can indicate a more serious issue. Watch out for these signs:

• Persistent or severe headaches
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Blurred or double vision
• Nausea and vomiting
• Problems with balance or coordination

If you suffer any of these symptoms, get medical attention immediately.

How to Relieve Head Pressure from Coughing

If coughing triggers head pain, there are several strategies you can try to reduce the pressure and find relief:

1. Stay Hydrated

Dehydration can worsen headaches and make coughing more uncomfortable. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep your body properly hydrated. You can also consider drinking water with ginger and honey.

2. Treat the Underlying Cause

For sinus-related headaches, use saline sprays or steam inhalation to relieve congestion.
For persistent coughing, consider over-the-counter cough suppressants or consult a doctor for appropriate treatment.

3. Use Pain Relievers

Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help alleviate headache symptoms. To avoid rebound headaches, do not use pain medicines excessively.

4. Rest and Relax

Rest is essential when you’re unwell. Stress and fatigue can make headaches worse, so take time to relax and allow your body to heal.

5. Apply Warm or Cold Compresses

A warm compress can help ease sinus-related pain, while a cold compress may reduce inflammation and numb the pain from a headache.

6. Improve Your Posture

Poor posture can strain the muscles in your neck and back, contributing to headaches. Sit up straight and avoid slumping to reduce tension.

When to See a Doctor

Most cough headaches are harmless and resolve on their own. However, you should see a doctor if you have:

• Severe headache pain
• Headaches lasting more than two hours
• New or worsening symptoms
• Headaches with fever, stiff neck, vision changes, dizziness, or loss of balance
• Any symptoms that worry you

A doctor can check what’s causing your headaches and recommend treatment. This could include a physical examination, neurological tests, or imaging, such as an MRI or CT scan.

Know the Reasons Behind Cough-Induced Headaches

Head pain from coughing may seem like a minor issue, but it’s a reminder of how even simple actions can reveal deeper health concerns. While most cases are harmless, they can serve as early indicators of conditions that need attention. Understanding your body’s warning signs and addressing them early not only prevents discomfort but also promotes long-term well-being. Trust your instincts—if something feels off, it’s worth getting checked.